Muscular Dystrophy Related Research Tools
Muscular dystrophy (MD) is an inherited genetic condition that gradually causes the weakening of muscles. The MDs are caused by mutations in a large number of genes with different functions, encoding proteins of the contractile apparatus, structural proteins, enzymes or nuclear proteins. The most commonly encountered forms of the diseases in adults are myotonic dystrophy (MD), facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) and the large group of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD). The most common childhood form is Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD).
Fig.1 Overview of inflammatory mechanism in DMD muscles and related potential drugs. (Miyatake, 2016)
The genomic mutations in MDs exert their pathogenicity at the level of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or ribonucleic acid (RNA). Therefore, the primary molecular targets in MDs are the affected genes and/or their respective downstream targets. Currently, most of the therapeutic strategies are focused on the mutated gene products or their downstream targets. Evidence has shown that the structural linkage between the muscle extracellular matrix and the cytoskeleton is crucial in preventing the progression of MD. The primary mutations of enzymes involved in the protein glycosylation pathways have shown to disrupt the matrix-cell interaction in a certain group of MDs.
Fig.2 Illustration of proteins and potential targets involved in MDs. (Kinter, 2014)
In the past several years, viral and non-viral gene therapy methodologies based on adeno-associated viruses, naked plasmid delivery, antisense oligonucleotides, and oligonucleotide-mediated gene editing have moved from the laboratories to the clinical studies. Creative Biolabs offers comprehensive products as well as high-quality customized services for our clients. We have some of the best products and packages to aid your MDs research.
Summary of the Popular Objects in Muscular Dystrophy
Calpain protease inhibitor | Collagen VI | Creatine |
Dystrophin | Follistatin | Fukutin |
Fukutin-related protein (FKRP) | IGF1 | Integrin α7β1 |
ISS-N1 | Laminin-2 | LARGE |
Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) | NFκB | NOX |
P2RX7 purinoceptor | POMT1 | POMT2 |
ROS | ROX | RyR1 |
TNFR | TNFα | TRPV2 |
β-Sarcoglycan | Corticosteroids prednisone | Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) |
References
- Miyatake, S.; et al. Anti-inflammatory drugs for Duchenne muscular dystrophy: focus on skeletal muscle-releasing factors. Drug design, development and therapy. 2016, 10: 2745.
- Kinter, J.; Sinnreich, M. Molecular targets to treat muscular dystrophies. Swiss medical weekly. 2014, 144(0708).
Target
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Human; Feline
- Applications:
- WB; IP; IF; IHC-P; FC
- Conjugation:
- Unconjugated; APC; PE; HRP; Biotin; FITC; Alexa Fluor 488; Alexa Fluor 700; Alexa Fluor 647; Alexa Fluor 750; Alexa Fluor 594; Alexa Fluor 350; Alexa Fluor 2700
- NeuroMab™ Mouse Anti-EFNB2 Monoclonal Antibody (CBP1159) (Cat#: NAB-0720-Z4396)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-TREM2 Antibody(NRP-0422-P792) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P792)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-ApoC3 BBB Shuttle Antibody(NRZP-1022-ZP3505) (Cat#: NRZP-1022-ZP3505)
- NeuroMab™ Rabbit Anti-Alpha-synuclein (CBP1631) (Cat#: NAB-08-PZ079)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-EPHB2 Antibody(NRP-0422-P1220) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P1220)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-Tau Antibody(NRP-0422-P1684) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P1684)
- NeuroMab™ Rabbit Anti-LRRK2 Monoclonal Antibody (CBP1887) (Cat#: NAB-08-PZ735)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-TREM2 BBB Shuttle Antibody(NRZP-1022-ZP4114) (Cat#: NRZP-1022-ZP4114)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-SEZ6 Antibody(NRP-0422-P515) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P515)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-GD2 Antibody(NRZP-1222-ZP767) (Cat#: NRZP-1222-ZP767)
- Mouse Glioma Cell Line GL-261-Luc (Cat#: NCL-2108P06)
- Human Glial (Oligodendrocytic) Hybrid Cell Line (MO3.13) (Cat#: NCL-2108P34)
- Human Brain Vascular Adventitial Fibroblasts (Cat#: NCL-21P6-014)
- Green Fluorescent Tau SH-SY5Y cell Line (Cat#: NCL2110P219)
- Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells (Cat#: NCL-2103-P133)
- iNeu™ Human Motor Neurons (Cat#: NCL-2103-P71)
- Mouse Microglia from C57BL/6 (Cat#: NCL-21P6-082)
- Green Fluorescent BACE1 Cell Lines (Cat#: NCL2110P214)
- Mouse Retinal Ganglion Cell Line RGC-5 (Cat#: NCL2110P154)
- Sf295 Human Glioblastoma Cells (Cat#: NCL-2108P180)
- Alpha-Synuclein Aggregation Assay Kit (Cat#: NRZP-1122-ZP37)
- Human Poly ADP ribose polymerase,PARP Assay Kit (Cat#: NRZP-1122-ZP62)
- Beta Amyloid (1-40), Aggregation Kit (Cat#: NRZP-0323-ZP199)
- Human Tau Aggregation Kit (Cat#: NRP-0322-P2173)
- Alpha Synuclein Aggregation Kit (Cat#: NRZP-1122-ZP15)
- Amyloid beta 1-42 Kit (Cat#: NRP-0322-P2170)
- Human GFAP ELISA Kit [Colorimetric] (Cat#: NPP2011ZP383)
- Beta Amyloid (1-42), Aggregation Kit (Cat#: NRZP-0323-ZP200)
- pAAV-syn-FLEX-jGCaMP8s-WPRE (Cat#: NTA-2106-P066)
- pAAV-syn-jGCaMP8f-WPRE (Cat#: NTA-2106-P061)
- VSV-eGFP (Cat#: NTA-2011-ZP20)
- Dextran, NHS Activated, 40 kDa (Cat#: NRZP-0722-ZP124)
- PRV-CAG-EGFP (Cat#: NTA-2011-ZP14)
- AAV-mDLX-CRE-tdTomato (Cat#: NRZP-0622-ZP721)
- pAAV-syn-jGCaMP8s-WPRE (Cat#: NTA-2106-P063)
- AAV2/9-hEF1a-DIO-mCherry-P2A-TetTox-WPRE-pA (Cat#: NTA-2012-ZP268)
- Dextran-CYanine5.5 (Cat#: NTA-2011-ZP118)
- AAV2 Full Capsids, Reference Standards (Cat#: NTC2101070CR)
- Human superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular (SOD3) (NM_003102) ORF clone, Untagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0808)
- Lenti of Human TAR DNA binding protein (TARDBP) (NM_007375) ORF clone, mGFP Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0832)
- Rat Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, juvenile) 2, parkin (Park2) (NM_020093) ORF clone/lentiviral particle, Myc-DDK Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0621-R0041)
- Human superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (SOD1) (NM_000454) ORF clone, TurboGFP Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0748)
- Human huntingtin-associated protein 1 (HAP1) transcript variant 2 (NM_177977) ORF clone, Myc-DDK Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0676)
- Tau Antisense Oligonucleotide (IONIS-MAPTRx) (Cat#: NV-2106-P29)
- App Rat amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein (App)(NM_019288) ORF clone, Untagged (Cat#: NEP-0421-R0053)
- Human apolipoprotein E (APOE) (NM_000041) ORF clone, Untagged (Cat#: NEP-0421-R0232)
- Lenti of Mouse synuclein, alpha (Snca) transcript variant (NM_001042451) ORF clone, mGFP Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0864)
- ABCA1 Antisense Oligonucleotide (NV-2106-P27) (Cat#: NV-2106-P27)
- NeuroBiologics™ Mouse Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP497)
- NeuroBiologics™ Rat Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP496)
- NeuroBiologics™ Human Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP491)
- NeuroBiologics™ Pig Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP498)
- NeuroBiologics™ Monkey Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP495)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-PON1 BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP507)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-GDNF BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP500)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-IDS BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP503)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-Erythropoietin BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP499)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-NAGLU BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP506)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-TNFR BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP510)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-EPO BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP508)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-IDUA BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP498)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-IDUA BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP502)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-SGSH BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP505)