Myasthenia Gravis Related Research Tools
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease caused by antibodies against the acetylcholine receptor (AChR), muscle-specific kinase (MuSK) or other AChR-related proteins in the postsynaptic muscle membrane. Localized or general muscle weakness is the predominant symptom and is induced by the antibodies. Traditionally, most patients with MG require induction therapy with high doses of corticosteroids and maintenance with an immunosuppressant. Nowadays, biologics are emerging as important therapeutic tools that provide better corticosteroid-sparing effects than standard treatments and can even induce remission.
Fig.1 The main cells and pathways in the immune network of MG and their potential as therapeutic targets. (Dalakas, 2019)
As shown in Fig.1, immunotherapeutics that target different elements in these pathways are shown in yellow boxes. The AChR is presented to CD4+ T cells by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) via co-stimulatory molecules. Downstream upregulation of cytokines stimulates B cells to produce anti-AChR antibodies that lead to the destruction of AChRs by fixing complement at the neuromuscular endplate region. Levels of regulatory T (Treg) and T helper (TH) 17 cells and cytokines are increased in patients with MG, thereby causing the immune imbalance.
Several biologic agents have shown promising effects in studies of their efficacy in MG to date. The success suggests that the emergence of new molecular targets could bring a revolution in the treatment of MG. Creative Biolabs has screened the most popular targets and provides high-quality products as well as customized services for our clients. For more services and products, please contact us.
CD19 | CD20 | CD80 | CD86 |
IL-2 | IL-4 | IL-6 | IL-17 |
IL-22 | JAK1 | JAK2 | JAK3 |
AchR | PD-1 | PD-L1 | CTLA4 |
C5 | C3 | TNF | B cell trophic factor (BAFF) |
Reference
- Dalakas, M. C. Immunotherapy in myasthenia gravis in the era of biologics. Nature Reviews Neurology. 2019, 15(2): 113-124.
Target
CDK1 / CDK2 / CDK3 / CDK5 (phospho Y15) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody
- Host Species:
- Rabbit
- Species Reactivity:
- Mouse; Rat; Human
- Applications:
- WB; IHC-P; ELISA; DB
- Conjugation:
- Unconjugated; APC; PE; HRP; Biotin; FITC; Alexa Fluor 488; Alexa Fluor 700; Alexa Fluor 647; Alexa Fluor 750; Alexa Fluor 594; Alexa Fluor 350; Alexa Fluor 1282
- NeuroMab™ Anti-PVRIG Antibody(NRP-0422-P517) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P517)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-Tau Antibody(NRP-0422-P1684) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P1684)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-GD2 Antibody(NRZP-1222-ZP767) (Cat#: NRZP-1222-ZP767)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-Alpha Synuclein Antibody(NRP-0422-P614) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P614)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-Tau Antibody(NRP-0422-P1683) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P1683)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-Tau Antibody(NRP-0422-P2275) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P2275)
- Tau Monoclonal Antibody (AT120, HT7 and BT2 clone) (Cat#: NK-2106-P008)
- NeuroMab™ Mouse Anti-SHANK3 Monoclonal Antibody (CBP929) (Cat#: NAB-0720-Z3477)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-pTau Antibody(NRP-0422-P1719) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P1719)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-GARP Antibody(NRP-0422-P1639) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P1639)
- Human Retinal Epithelial Cell ARPE-19 (Cat#: NCL2110P069)
- Mouse Microglia N9 (Cat#: NCL2110P073)
- Green Fluorescent Alpha-synuclein SH-SY5Y Cell Line (Cat#: NCL2110P209)
- Human CMEC/D3 Cell Line, Blood-Brain Barrier Model (Cat#: NCL-2108-P020)
- Human Glial (Oligodendrocytic) Hybrid Cell Line (MO3.13) (Cat#: NCL-2108P34)
- Mouse Microglia from C57BL/6 (Cat#: NCL-21P6-082)
- Human Hippocampal Neuron Cells HPPNCs (Cat#: NCL2110P106)
- Rat Schwann Cells RSC96, Immortalized (Cat#: NCL-2108P21)
- Sf295 Human Glioblastoma Cells (Cat#: NCL-2108P180)
- Human Astrocytes, Immortalized (Cat#: NCL-2105-P182-AM)
- Alpha Synuclein Aggregation Kit (Cat#: NRZP-1122-ZP15)
- Beta Amyloid (1-40), Aggregation Kit, TTF Assay (Cat#: NRZP-0323-ZP199)
- Human Tau Aggregation Kit (Cat#: NRP-0322-P2173)
- Beta Amyloid (1-42), Aggregation Kit (Cat#: NRZP-0323-ZP200)
- Amyloid beta 1-42 Kit (Cat#: NRP-0322-P2170)
- Human Poly ADP ribose polymerase,PARP Assay Kit (Cat#: NRZP-1122-ZP62)
- Human GFAP ELISA Kit [Colorimetric] (Cat#: NPP2011ZP383)
- Alpha-Synuclein Aggregation Assay Kit (Cat#: NRZP-1122-ZP37)
- rAAV-CAG-DIO-G-Flamp1 (Cat#: NRZP-0722-ZP719)
- AAV-mDLX-CRE-tdTomato (Cat#: NRZP-0622-ZP721)
- pAAV-syn-FLEX-jGCaMP8f-WPRE (Cat#: NTA-2106-P064)
- AAV2/9-hEF1a-fDIO-eNpHR 3.0-mCherry-WPRE-pA (Cat#: NTA-2012-ZP78)
- AAV2/9-hSyn-Flpo-EGFP-WPRE-pA (Cat#: NTA-2012-ZP149)
- AAV2/2Retro-CAG-DIO-EGFP-2A-TetTox-pA [Neural Tracing] (Cat#: NTA-2012-ZP303)
- VSV-eGFP (Cat#: NTA-2011-ZP20)
- AAV2 Full Capsids, Reference Standards (Cat#: NTC2101070CR)
- pAAV-syn-jGCaMP8s-WPRE (Cat#: NTA-2106-P063)
- Dextran-FITC (Cat#: NTA-2011-ZP110)
- Mouse Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, early onset) 7 (Park7) (NM_020569) clone, Untagged (Cat#: NEP-0621-R0133)
- Human superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular (SOD3) (NM_003102) ORF clone, Untagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0808)
- Tau Antisense Oligonucleotide (IONIS-MAPTRx) (Cat#: NV-2106-P29)
- Mouse SOD1 shRNA Silencing Adenovirus (Cat#: NV-2106-P14)
- Human presenilin 1 (PSEN1), transcript variant 2 (NM_007318) ORF clone, TurboGFP Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0421-R0140)
- Human huntingtin-associated protein 1 (HAP1) transcript variant 2 (NM_177977) ORF clone, Myc-DDK Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0676)
- Human huntingtin (HTT) (NM_002111) ORF clone, Myc-DDK Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0497)
- Rat Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, juvenile) 2, parkin (Park2) (NM_020093) ORF clone/lentiviral particle, Myc-DDK Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0621-R0041)
- Lenti of Human TAR DNA binding protein (TARDBP) (NM_007375) ORF clone, mGFP Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0832)
- Human apolipoprotein E (APOE) (NM_000041) ORF clone, Untagged (Cat#: NEP-0421-R0232)
- NeuroBiologics™ Pig Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP498)
- NeuroBiologics™ Monkey Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP495)
- NeuroBiologics™ Rat Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP496)
- NeuroBiologics™ Mouse Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP497)
- NeuroBiologics™ Human Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP491)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-idursulfase BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP497)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-SGSH BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP505)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-NAGLU BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP506)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-EPO BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP508)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-GDNF BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP509)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-TNFR BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP501)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-IDS BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP503)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-IDUA BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP502)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-ASA BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP504)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-TNFR BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP510)