Recombinant Human APOE3 (Lys19-His307) Protein, Carrier Free

ApoE is an approximately 34-kD protein that aids in the transport of cholesterol and other lipids in plasma and the central nervous system (CNS). ApoE is comprised of two independently folded N-terminal and C-terminal domains which are joined together by a flexible hinge region. The N-terminal domain contains the ApoE receptor binding region, whereas the lipid binding region is found within the C-terminal domain. ApoE regulates lipid homeostasis by mediating lipid transport from one tissue or cell type to another. More specifically, ApoE regulates the clearance of apolipoproteins from plasma by functioning as the ligand for binding to specific receptors, including the LDL receptor family members and heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs). In the CNS, ApoE is mainly produced by astrocytes; transporting cholesterol to neurons via ApoE receptors, which are members of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) family. ApoE is also produced by macrophages and liver cells, where it mediates cholesterol metabolism in peripheral tissues (in an isoform dependent manner). ApoE has three major isoforms: ApoE2, ApoE3, and ApoE4. Each ApoE isoform has effects on lipid and neuronal homeostasis. ApoE3, the most common of the three isoforms, is considered to be the normal form. ApoE2 and ApoE4 differ from ApoE3 by single amino acid substitutions at positions 112 or 158, respectively. The residues that distinguish the ApoE isoforms are located in the N-terminus which affects the ability of these isoforms to bind receptors. ApoE isoforms also differentially regulate Aβ production, aggregation and clearance. Perhaps most importantly, ApoE isoforms have been studied extensively in their relation to Alzheimer's disease. ApoE alleles and their asociated protein isoforms are a main genetic determinant of Alzheimer's diseases risk. In the context of Alzheimer's disease models, the ApoE4 isoform exhibits diminished neuroprotection and/or enhanced neurotoxicity when compared to the ApoE2 and ApoE3 isoforms.

Human

When human VLDLR is coated at 1.0 µg/mL (100 µL/well), human Apolipoprotein E3/APOE3 binds with an EC50 of 0.05 - 0.2 µg/mL. HRP anti-His tag antibody was used to detect the binding.

CHO

Recombinant

Lys19-His307

P02649

35.2 kD

Lys

N-His

Unconjugated

Neurological Disorders

The optimal working dilutions shoµld be determined by the end user.

Neurodegeneration

Liquid

0.2 mg/mL

0.22 µm filtered protein solution is in 20 mM Tris, 300 mM NaCl, 1 mM TCEP, pH 7.5

Carrier Free

Affinity Chromatography

>95%, as determined by Coomassie stained SDS-PAGE.

Less than 1.0 EU per µg protein as determined by the LAL method.

Product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store lyophilized powder at ≤ -20°C. Reconstituted peptide should be aliquoted and stored at ≤ -20°C. Do not freeze/thaw.

Unopened vial can be stored at -20°C or -70°C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.

Stock solutions can also be prepared at 50 - 100 µg/mL in appropriate sterile buffer, carrier protein such as 0.2 - 1% BSA or HSA can be added when preparing the stock solution.

For research use only, not for diagnostic or therapeutic use.

Apo E

APOE

Apolipoprotein E

APOE; AD2; APO-E; LDLCQ5; LPG; apolipoprotein E; ApoE4

348 (Human); 11816 (Mouse)

P02649 (Human); P08226 (Mouse)

1. Schwall RH, et al. 1988. Mol. Endocrinol. 2:1237.
2. Hashimoto M, et al. 1992. J. Biol. Chem. 267:4999.
3. Shav-Tal Y and Zipori D. 2002. Stem Cells 20:493.
4. Dohi T et al. 2005. Gastroenterology 128:411.
5. Tsuchida K, et al. 2008. Endocr. J. 55:11.
6. Djouad F, et al. 2010. Steam Cell Res. Ther. 1:11.
7. Sako D, et al. 2010. J. Biol. Chem. 285:21037.
8. Jones CP, et al. 2012. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 129:1000.