Product
SmartTox™ Cardiotoxicity Kit
[CAT#: NEK-2101-ZP01]
SmartTox™ Cardiotoxicity Kit allows you to screen more cardiotoxic compounds earlier in drug discovery.
Certificate of Analysis Lookup
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Lot Number
To download a Certificate of Analysis, please enter a lot number in the search box below. Note: Certificate of Analysis not available for kit components.
Lot Number
Product Overview
Description
The SmartTox™ Cardiotoxicity Kit provides a fast, simple and reliable fluorescence-based method for identifying cardiotoxic compounds in bio-related assays using stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Using our proprietary masking technology and novel calcium sensitive indicators, researchers can:
Eliminate cardiotoxic compounds and identify potential drug candidates
Measure 384 samples in minutes instead of hours
Minimize the non-specific effects of dyes on beat characteristics
Reduce variability between wells and improve data quality
Maximum signal dynamic range
Benchmark for three reference compounds: isoproterenol, sotalol and propranolol
Eliminate cardiotoxic compounds and identify potential drug candidates
Measure 384 samples in minutes instead of hours
Minimize the non-specific effects of dyes on beat characteristics
Reduce variability between wells and improve data quality
Maximum signal dynamic range
Benchmark for three reference compounds: isoproterenol, sotalol and propranolol
Properites
Components
Explorer Kit
(2) Vials of Component A*
(1) Bottle of dilution buffer (Component B)
(1) Vial each of three reference compounds: isoproterenol, sotalol and propranolol
* Each reagent vial (Component A) is sufficient for 1 plate (96- or 384-wells). Each kit is sufficient for 2 plates.
Bulk Kit
(2) Vials of Component A**
(1) Bottle of dilution buffer (Component B)
(1) Vial each of three reference compounds: isoproterenol, sotalol and propranolol
** Each reagent vial (Component A) is sufficient for 5 plates (96-, 384- or 1536-wells). Each kit is sufficient for 10 plates.
(2) Vials of Component A*
(1) Bottle of dilution buffer (Component B)
(1) Vial each of three reference compounds: isoproterenol, sotalol and propranolol
* Each reagent vial (Component A) is sufficient for 1 plate (96- or 384-wells). Each kit is sufficient for 2 plates.
Bulk Kit
(2) Vials of Component A**
(1) Bottle of dilution buffer (Component B)
(1) Vial each of three reference compounds: isoproterenol, sotalol and propranolol
** Each reagent vial (Component A) is sufficient for 5 plates (96-, 384- or 1536-wells). Each kit is sufficient for 10 plates.
Technology
Fig.1 The role of calcium in the contraction and relaxation mechanism of cardiomyocytes
The SmartTox Cardiotoxicity Kit can be used to characterize the effects of pharmacological compounds on peak frequency (BPM), peak amplitude, and beat pattern, and is designed for use with stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes or primary cardiomyocytes. The peak frequency is determined by changes in intracellular calcium concentration monitored by SmartTox cardiotoxic dye.
The role of calcium in the contraction and relaxation of cardiomyocytes includes: 2.1. Membrane depolarization occurs, calcium channels are opened, and calcium enters the cytosol. 2.2. Intracellular calcium triggers the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 2.3. Cytoplasmic calcium binds to troponin and activates musculature. 2.4. Contraction of cardiomyocytes occurs. 2.5. Calcium is removed by active transport into the sarcoplasmic reticulum and calcium exchange with extracellular fluid. 2.6. The cycle repeats.
Fig.2 SmartTox™ Cardiotoxicity Kits provide a uniform solution to predict the toxicity and efficacy of compounds.
The SmartTox Cardiotoxicity Kit utilizes calcium-sensitive dyes that are absorbed into the cytoplasm of cells during incubation. When the dye binds to calcium ions in the cytoplasm, the fluorescence intensity increases, so that any change in calcium concentration can be measured. The masking technique will not enter the cell, but will reduce the extracellular background fluorescence. This helps to improve the test signal window and provides more details for the beat mode.
The SmartTox Cardiotoxicity Kit can be used to characterize the effects of pharmacological compounds on peak frequency (BPM), peak amplitude, and beat pattern, and is designed for use with stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes or primary cardiomyocytes. The peak frequency is determined by changes in intracellular calcium concentration monitored by SmartTox cardiotoxic dye.
The role of calcium in the contraction and relaxation of cardiomyocytes includes: 2.1. Membrane depolarization occurs, calcium channels are opened, and calcium enters the cytosol. 2.2. Intracellular calcium triggers the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 2.3. Cytoplasmic calcium binds to troponin and activates musculature. 2.4. Contraction of cardiomyocytes occurs. 2.5. Calcium is removed by active transport into the sarcoplasmic reticulum and calcium exchange with extracellular fluid. 2.6. The cycle repeats.
Fig.2 SmartTox™ Cardiotoxicity Kits provide a uniform solution to predict the toxicity and efficacy of compounds.
The SmartTox Cardiotoxicity Kit utilizes calcium-sensitive dyes that are absorbed into the cytoplasm of cells during incubation. When the dye binds to calcium ions in the cytoplasm, the fluorescence intensity increases, so that any change in calcium concentration can be measured. The masking technique will not enter the cell, but will reduce the extracellular background fluorescence. This helps to improve the test signal window and provides more details for the beat mode.
Data
Fig.1 Comparison of reference compounds on the beating rate of cardiomyocytes
(A) Calcium signal changes in untreated iPSC cardiomyocytes incubated with SmartTox cardiotoxic dye indicated by the calcium ion peak for 2 hours. (B) Propranolol slows down the peak frequency of calcium in iPSC cells. (C) Isoproterenol increases the peak calcium frequency of iPSC cardiomyocytes. (D) Sotalol slows down the peak frequency of calcium in iPSC cardiomyocytes and changes the normal pattern.
(A) Calcium signal changes in untreated iPSC cardiomyocytes incubated with SmartTox cardiotoxic dye indicated by the calcium ion peak for 2 hours. (B) Propranolol slows down the peak frequency of calcium in iPSC cells. (C) Isoproterenol increases the peak calcium frequency of iPSC cardiomyocytes. (D) Sotalol slows down the peak frequency of calcium in iPSC cardiomyocytes and changes the normal pattern.
Product Pictures
FuncS
Fig.1 Comparison of reference compounds on the beating rate of cardiomyocytes
(A) Untreated cells (left image) are mostly alive with red fluorescent nuclei. At the intermediate concentration of the compound (central part), there is a mixture of live and dead cells. At high compound concentrations (right panel), most cells die and the nuclei are marked in red and green. Acquire images on the LinearMax® MiniMax™ 300 imaging cytometer. (B) Use the classification function in SoftMax®Pro Software to identify cells as live cells (red mask) or dead cells (blue mask).
Publications
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For Research Use Only. Not For Clinical Use.
