Encephalitis Related Research Tools
Encephalitis is an important cause of morbidity, mortality, and permanent neurologic sequelae globally. Causes are diverse and include viral and non-viral infections of the brain as well as autoimmune processes. The most common viral encephalitis agents are Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), herpesviruses 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2), and arbovirus. Other relevant etiologies are cytomegalovirus (CMV), seasonal influenza, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), etc. The responsible virus may be detectable only in the brain and is either absent or transiently found in blood or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) includes two major categories: classic paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis (LE) with autoantibodies against intracellular neuronal antigens such as Hu and Ma2 and new-type AIE with autoantibodies to the neuronal surface or synaptic antigens.
Fig.1 Signaling pathways involved in the recognition of HSV. (Piret, 2020)
For instance, herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) is a severe neurological disease caused by HSV. Signaling pathways involved in the recognition of HSV are shown in Fig.1. TLR2, TLR3, TLR9 signaling pathways are essential for effective antiviral immunity in HSV infection. In the cytosol, viral dsDNA also induces the synthesis of Cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (cyclic GMP-AMP, cGAMP) by Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS, cGAMP synthase), which activates the STING/TRIF/TRAF3 signaling pathway. The popular targets are listed in the table below.
Summary of the Popular Targets in Encephalitis
| Hu | Ma2 | IL23 |
| TLR3 | TLR7 | TLR9 |
| TRIF | TBK1 | STAT1 |
| AMPAR receptor | NMDA receptor | GABAB1 receptor |
Creative Biolabs provides a series of research tools and services needed to promote your research on encephalitis. Our product portfolio includes monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), polyclonal antibodies (pAbs), labeled antibodies, proteins, analytical kits, small molecule activators and inhibitors. For some targets, a ready-to-use catalog may not be available. Please contact us for customized services.
Reference
- Piret, J.; Boivin G. Immunomodulatory Strategies in Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis. Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 2020, 33(2).
Target
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Cathepsin K Mouse Monoclonal Antibody
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Rat; Human; Pig
- Applications:
- WB
68kDa Neurofilament/NF-L Mouse Monoclonal Antibody
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Mouse; Rat; Rabbit; Cat; Human
- Applications:
- WB; IHC-P
Cathepsin B Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody
- Host Species:
- Rabbit
- Species Reactivity:
- Mouse; Rat
- Applications:
- FCM; IHC-P; WB; ICC; IF
Anti-Neurofilament M Monoclonal Antibody
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Rat
- Applications:
- IF; WB
Mouse monoclonal to MBP
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Human
- Applications:
- WB; ELISA
Mouse monoclonal to GLT1
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Human
- Applications:
- WB; ELISA
Anti-Chicken Avian Thymic Hormone (ATH) Antibody
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Chicken
- Applications:
- ELISA; WB; IF
Mouse monoclonal to SOD2
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Human; Mouse; Rat
- Applications:
- ELISA; IHC
Mouse monoclonal to SNCA
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Human
- Applications:
- WB
Mouse monoclonal to FABP3
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Human
- Applications:
- ELISA
Mouse monoclonal to NEFL
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Human
- Applications:
- ELISA
Mouse monoclonal to NSE
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Mouse; Rat
- Applications:
- IHC; WB
Mouse monoclonal to GFAP
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Human
- Applications:
- ELISA
Mouse monoclonal to GFAP
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Human; Mouse; Rat
- Applications:
- IF; WB
Mouse monoclonal to UCHL1
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Human
- Applications:
- ELISA
Mouse Monoclonal to MSR1
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Human
- Applications:
- WB
Mouse Monoclonal to ACT
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Human
- Applications:
- WB
Mouse Monoclonal to CLCN6
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Human
- Applications:
- WB
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Mouse; Rat; Human
- Applications:
- WB; IP; IF; ELISA
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Mouse; Rat; Human
- Applications:
- WB; IP; IF; IHC-P; ELISA
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Mouse; Rat; Human
- Applications:
- WB; IP; IF; ELISA
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Mouse; Rat; Human
- Applications:
- WB; IP; IF; ELISA
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Mouse; Rat; Human
- Applications:
- WB; IP; IF; ELISA
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Mouse; Rat; Human
- Applications:
- WB; IP; IF; ELISA
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Mouse; Rat; Human
- Applications:
- WB; IP; IF; ELISA
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Mouse; Rat; Human; Canine
- Applications:
- WB; IP
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Human
- Applications:
- WB; IP; IF; ELISA
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Human
- Applications:
- WB; IP; IF; ELISA
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Mouse; Rat; Human
- Applications:
- WB; IP; IF; ELISA
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Mouse; Rat; Human
- Applications:
- WB; IP; IF; ELISA
- NeuroMab™ Anti-Tau Antibody(NRP-0422-P1686) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P1686)
- Mouse Anti-Human α-Synuclein Phospho (Tyr39) (CBP3706) (Cat#: NAB201250LS)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-GD2 Antibody(NRZP-1222-ZP767) (Cat#: NRZP-1222-ZP767)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-Tau Antibody(NRP-0422-P2275) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P2275)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-Tau Antibody(NRP-0422-P1683) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P1683)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-Tau Antibody(NRP-0422-P2293) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P2293)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-SEZ6 Antibody(NRP-0422-P515) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P515)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-SEZ6 Antibody(NRP-0422-P517) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P517)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-Integrin αvβ8 BBB Shuttle Antibody(NRZP-1222-ZP1218) (Cat#: NRZP-1222-ZP1218)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-Tau Antibody(NRP-0422-P1684) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P1684)
- iNeu™ Human Motor Neurons (Cat#: NCL-2103-P71)
- iNeu™ Human Schwann Cell (Cat#: NCL-2103-P63)
- Human Glial (Oligodendrocytic) Hybrid Cell Line (MO3.13) (Cat#: NCL-2108P34)
- Mouse Microglia N9 (Cat#: NCL2110P073)
- Human Neurons Isolated from Cortex (Cat#: NCL-21P6-023)
- Human Brain Astroblastoma U-87 MG (Cat#: NCL2110P117)
- Mouse Midbrain Dopaminergic Neuron Cell MN9D (Cat#: NCL2110P059)
- Green Fluorescent Alpha-synuclein SH-SY5Y Cell Line (Cat#: NCL2110P209)
- Mouse Glioma Cell Line GL-261-Luc (Cat#: NCL-2108P06)
- iNeu™ Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells (RPE) (Cat#: NRZP-0323-ZP92)
- Human Tau Aggregation Kit (Cat#: NRP-0322-P2173)
- Beta Amyloid (1-42), Aggregation Kit (Cat#: NRZP-0323-ZP200)
- Alpha-Synuclein Aggregation Assay Kit (Cat#: NRZP-1122-ZP37)
- Beta Amyloid (1-40), Aggregation Kit (Cat#: NRZP-0323-ZP199)
- Alpha Synuclein Aggregation Kit (Cat#: NRZP-1122-ZP15)
- Human Poly ADP ribose polymerase,PARP Assay Kit (Cat#: NRZP-1122-ZP62)
- Human GFAP ELISA Kit [Colorimetric] (Cat#: NPP2011ZP383)
- Amyloid beta 1-42 Kit (Cat#: NRP-0322-P2170)
- rAAV-E-SARE-Cre-ERT2-PEST-WPRE-hGH polyA (Cat#: NTA-2010-TT342)
- VSV-eGFP (Cat#: NTA-2011-ZP20)
- pAAV-syn-jGCaMP8f-WPRE (Cat#: NTA-2106-P061)
- Dextran, Cy5 Labeled, 2000 kDa (Cat#: NRZP-0722-ZP22)
- pAAV-syn-jGCaMP8s-WPRE (Cat#: NTA-2106-P063)
- AAV2/2Retro-CAG-DIO-EGFP-2A-TetTox-pA [Neural Tracing] (Cat#: NTA-2012-ZP303)
- Dextran-FITC (Cat#: NTA-2011-ZP110)
- AAV2/9-hSyn-Flpo-EGFP-WPRE-pA (Cat#: NTA-2012-ZP149)
- AAV2 Full Capsids, Reference Standards (Cat#: NTC2101070CR)
- AAV-mDLX-CRE-tdTomato (Cat#: NRZP-0622-ZP721)
- Lenti of Human TAR DNA binding protein (TARDBP) (NM_007375) ORF clone, mGFP Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0832)
- Human superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular (SOD3) (NM_003102) ORF clone, Untagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0808)
- Rat Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, juvenile) 2, parkin (Park2) (NM_020093) ORF clone/lentiviral particle, Myc-DDK Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0621-R0041)
- Lenti of Mouse synuclein, alpha (Snca) transcript variant (NM_001042451) ORF clone, mGFP Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0864)
- Mouse SOD1 shRNA Silencing Adenovirus (Cat#: NV-2106-P14)
- Human huntingtin-associated protein 1 (HAP1) transcript variant 2 (NM_177977) ORF clone, Myc-DDK Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0676)
- ABCA1 Antisense Oligonucleotide (NV-2106-P27) (Cat#: NV-2106-P27)
- Human apolipoprotein E (APOE) (NM_000041) ORF clone, Untagged (Cat#: NEP-0421-R0232)
- App Rat amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein (App)(NM_019288) ORF clone, Untagged (Cat#: NEP-0421-R0053)
- Human presenilin 1 (PSEN1), transcript variant 2 (NM_007318) ORF clone, TurboGFP Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0421-R0140)
- NeuroBiologics™ Mouse Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP497)
- NeuroBiologics™ Monkey Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP495)
- NeuroBiologics™ Rat Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP496)
- NeuroBiologics™ Human Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP491)
- NeuroBiologics™ Pig Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP498)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-IDUA BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP502)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-IDUA BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP498)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-SGSH BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP505)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-GDNF BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP500)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-idursulfase BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP497)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-IDS BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP503)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-TNFR BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP510)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-TNFR BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP501)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-EPO BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP508)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-GDNF BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP509)
