Protein Tracer Tools

Such neuronal stains include cholera toxin subunit B, wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and the fluorescent conjugate of isolectin GS-IB4. These probes introduced by microinjection or iontophoresis are fixable and photostable retrograde tracers, providing options for synaptic studies (WGA) and neuronal subtype (GS-IB4) differentiation.

Features of Protein Tracers for Neuronal Staining

• Exogenous staining
• Can be fixed and photostable
• Choice of retrograde tracer
• WGA crossing synapses

Applications

Cholera toxin subunit B binds to glycosphingolipids in the axon membrane and acts as a retrograde tracer. Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) conjugates bind to sialic acid and N-acetylglucosamine residues in neuronal membranes, and act as retrograde tracers, which can also travel across synapses. Isolectin GS-IB4 is selective for terminal α-D-galactosyl residues and can distinguish neuronal subtypes.

Find the Right Stain for Your Application

In addition to reactive dye formulations, we also provide dyes conjugated with a variety of antibodies, peptides, proteins, tracers and amplification substrates to optimize cell labeling and detection. Please contact us for more details.