How to Select Promoters and Serotypes in Neurological Research?

Currently, gene therapy has been applied to the treatment of a variety of diseases, utilizing viral vectors to deliver genetic material around the organ and achieve specific expression in the target cells, thus enabling gene therapy. In neuroscience research, especially in vitro experiments, adeno-associated viral tool vectors are usually utilized to study the functional roles of genes, so how can AAV be utilized more efficiently for gene transduction in the nervous system?

[Flyer]

Ready-to-Use AAV Biosensors

View

Creative Biolabs presents selection strategies for AAV in neurological research. As a partner, we offer the following related services to help accelerate the progress of your program.

Our Services	Descriptions
Viral Vectors	Creative Biolabs has long-term devoted to the development and application of various viral vectors for neuroscience research. Based on our advanced platforms and extensive experience, we have finished a lot of challenging work.
Gene Therapies Study	As an innovative company in the field of neuroscience, Creative Biolabs has successfully developed advanced gene editions and delivery technologies, which provide a powerful platform for gene therapy.
Gene-depends Neurological Disease Solutions	Creative Biolabs provides our clients around the world with gene delivery, editing, modification, improvement and silencing services through advanced and comprehensive approaches, as well as design, selection and validation of your gene therapy methods.

Selection of AAV Serotypes

It has been reported that there are more than ten AAV serotypes applicable to the nervous system, such as 1, 2, 5, 6, 8, 9, PHP.B, DJ, Retro, rh10, etc. Different serotypes have different infection efficiencies and spreading abilities in different parts of the nervous system, and the appropriate serotypes are related to the ability of the genes to achieve highly efficient and stable expression, and even related to the ultimate Therefore, it is important to select the appropriate AAV serotype by combining the labeled cells and the characteristics of each AAV serotype.

AAV Serotype	Descriptions
Reversible tracer serotype - AAV2-retro	AAV2-retro, which is a vector capable of effective retrograde labeling of neural loops in the mouse brain with retrograde tracing ability and efficiency comparable to that of conventional retrograde tracers.
Serotypes that can cis-span single-level synapses - AAV1	AAV1 is able to propagate cis-synaptically across synapses under high titer conditions and, in combination with a Cre-dependent reporter system, efficiently and specifically drives Cre-dependent expression of exogenous genes in postsynaptic neurons for labeling postsynaptic neurons.
Serotype that efficiently targets neuronal cells - AAV.CAP-B10	AAV. CAP-B10 exhibits specificity for the central nervous system, with high targeting of neuronal cells and low targeting of the liver.
Serotype for efficient targeting of astrocytes - rAAV11	rAAV11 can efficiently target projection neurons retrogradely and does not exhibit cis-trans-synaptic characteristics. rAAV11 has excellent retrograde labeling efficiency. rAAV11 also has excellent retrograde labeling efficiency and can trace projection neurons that are difficult to transduce with rAAV2.
Serotypes that efficiently target microglia - AAV-cMG & AAV-MG	AAV-MG1.1 and AAV-MG1.2, which can efficiently invade microglia in vivo without inducing microglia immune activation. AAV-cMG is suitable for in vitro invasion of cultured microglia and AAV-MG is suitable for in vivo invasion of endogenous microglia.
Serotypes efficiently targeting central vascular endothelial cells - AAV-BI30	AAV-BI30 is efficiently and specifically expressed in different types of central vascular endothelial cells, which is suitable for research related to neurovascular biology and contributes to the development of therapeutic approaches for endothelial dysfunction diseases.

Selection of Promoters

In addition to AAV vectors and serotypes, optimization of promoters and regulatory elements is also necessary. Currently, broad-spectrum type promoters used in the study.

However, the composition of the nervous system is extremely complex, and sophisticated studies of the brain are critical, and it is particularly important to select a promoter with relatively higher specificity in order to achieve specific infection of a certain brain region or even a certain class of cells.

The following table shows some common neural tissue-specific promoters.

Promoter Name	Promoter Size	Promoter Source	Promoter Applications
CamKIla	1.2 kb	Mice	Neuron-specific promoters of excitatory neurons in the neocortex and hippocampus of the brain
c-fos	1.7 kb	Mice	Excitatory neuron promoters
Mecp2	230 bp	Mice	Short neuron-specific promoters
NSE	1.3 kb	Mice	Neuron-specific promoters
Somatostat (SST)	1.2 kb	Human	gamma aminobutyric acidergic inhibitory neuron SST subtype-specific promoter
TH	2.5 kb	Rat	Dopaminergic neuron-specific promoter
GFAP	2.0 kb	Human	Astrocyte-specific promoter
GFAP104	845 bp	Human	astrocyte-specific promoter
ALDHIL1	1.3 kb	Human	Astrocyte-specific promoters in the thalamus
MBP	1.3 kb	Human	Oligodendrocyte-specific promoter
GAD65	2.5 kb	Mice	GABAergic neuron/interneuron specific promoter
ePet-1	1.9 kb	Mice	Serotonin (5-light tryptamine)-ergic neuron-specific promoter

Therefore, to drive more efficient gene transduction in neurological studies, all of these factors can be taken into account to optimize the choice.

For Research Use Only. Not For Clinical Use.

Support

Hot Products

Antibodies

Cells

Kits

Tracers

Gene Therapy Tools

Biospecimens

Cell Assay Reagents

How to Select Promoters and Serotypes in Neurological Research?

Selection of AAV Serotypes

Selection of Promoters

Related Scientific Resources