Myelin Production - Critical to the Construction of Brain Functions
Myelin is the lipid layer that wraps around the outside of a neuron's axon, and it is essential for the rapid and accurate conduct of nerve impulses. The formation of myelin is an important milestone in the development of the nervous system, marking the maturation of connections between neurons and their perfect function. Myelin production is crucial to the construction of brain function, which is not only the basis for the efficient transmission of nerve signals, but also the guarantee for the normal performance of brain function.
Creative Biolabs summarizes the importance of myelin formation and myelin sheaths and describes the products and services we can offer for myelin research.
| Our Services | Descriptions |
| Myelination, Demyelination and Remyelination Assay | The study of myelination, demyelination, and remyelination has gained immense importance in neuroscience research. Creative Biolabs offers a comprehensive range of services for studying myelination, demyelination, and remyelination assays. |
| Demyelination Modeling and Drug Efficacy Testing Service | Demyelinating diseases are a group of diseases characterized by demyelination of nerves and relatively mild involvement of neuronal cell bodies and axons. Creative Biolabs offers a variety of well-accepted behavioral tests to assess potential anxiolytic, antidepressant, or antipsychotic effects, as well as cognitively enhancing and disruptive effects on learning and memory. |
What is Myelin?
Myelin is a layer of lipid (mainly composed of myelin) structure wrapped around the axon of a neuron. It is equivalent to the insulating layer of a wire, which prevents the cross-transmission of electrical signals between nerve fibers, and at the same time, speeds up the conduction of electrical signals and improves the efficiency of information transmission in the nervous system.
Myelinogenesis is an important process in the development of the nervous system, which occurs mainly after the ninth month of pregnancy and continues through several stages.
- Timing: Myelin production usually begins at 9 months of pregnancy and is a relatively slow process that requires multiple stages to thicken and mature.
- Regional differences: There are significant differences in the rhythm of myelin production in different regions of the brain. Axonal fibers that control basic autonomic and reflex functions in primitive brain regions form myelin much earlier than fibers that control complex intelligence in higher brain regions. This difference ensures that the nervous system is built in a certain order and according to functional needs during development.
- Gene regulation: The formation of myelin is primarily regulated by genes. Genes are involved in the process of myelin formation by encoding specific proteins and other molecules that ensure that myelin is produced at the right time and in the right place.
- Environmental factors: Although genes play a dominant role in myelin formation, environmental factors also have a significant impact on the extent of myelin production (i.e., the thickness of the myelin sheath outside the axon). For example, unfavorable environmental factors, such as malnutrition, may lead to a decrease in the degree of myelin production, thus affecting the normal development and function of the nervous system.
Myelination in Different Regions of the Brain
There are significant differences in the rhythm of myelin production in different regions of the brain.
| Region | Specific Performance |
| Spinal cord and brainstem | Already largely mature and covered with myelin at birth, they are the regions that complete myelination earlier. |
| Midbrain and cerebellum | Subsequently, they begin to form myelin sheaths, but they are slightly later in the process of myelination relative to the spinal cord and brainstem. |
| Subcortical portions of the forebrain (e.g., the thalamus, basal nuclei, and parts of the limbic system) | Myelin sheaths begin to form in the first year of life (and possibly in the second year for some pathways), and myelination in this region follows that of the midbrain and cerebellum. |
| Cerebral cortex | It is the slowest developing of all brain structures. Of these, sensory areas are myelinated relatively early, with motor areas following closely behind. However, the process of myelination is much more prolonged in large areas of the higher “contact” cortex, such as the parietal, temporal, and frontal lobes, which are still streamlining synapses and forming myelin sheaths at the age of 17 or 18 years. These areas are responsible for complex intellectual functions such as language, attention, judgment, planning, emotion, and reasoning. |
The rhythm of myelin production in different regions of the brain progressively advances from tail to head, and there are obvious differences in maturation time between different regions. Such differences are important for the gradual development and improvement of brain functions.
We offer a variety of research tools for the study of myelin in different regions. You can click below to learn more.
| Cat. No | Product Name | Product Category | Applications |
| NAB-2103-P497 | NeuroMab™ Mouse Anti-Myelin Monoclonal Antibody (CBP4848) | Antibody | WB; IP; IF; IHC-P; ELISA |
| NAB-2103-P501 | NeuroMab™ Mouse Anti-Myelin Basic Protein Monoclonal Antibody (CBP4852) | Antibody | WB; IP; IF; IHC-P; ELISA |
| NRZP-0722-ZP400 | NeuroMab™ Anti- Schwann Cell/Peripheral Myelin, Clone Schwann/2E (CBP9014) | Antibody | IHC-P |
| NRZP-0722-ZP416 | NeuroMab™ Anti- Peripheral myelin protein 22, Clone CF1 (CBP9021) | Antibody | Immuno Assays; IHC-P; WB |
| NRZP-0822-ZP274 | NeuStain™ Myelin Staining Kit | Kit | Neural Stain |
| NRZP-0822-ZP281 | NeuStain™ Nerve Myelin Sheath Staining Kit | Kit | Neural Stain |
| NRP-0322-P2168 | Black-Gold II Myelin Staining Kit with Toluidine Blue O Counter Stain, Ready-to-Dilute | Tracer | Neural Tracing |
Effect of Progressive Thickening and Maturation of Myelin Sheaths on Brain Functions
Myelin is a layer of insulating material wrapped around the axon of a neuron, and its main function is to speed up the conduction of nerve impulses. As the myelin sheath thickens and matures, the speed of nerve impulse conduction increases significantly, which allows the brain to process information more quickly and accurately.
Specifically, the thickening and maturation of myelin helps to
- Increase the speed of information processing - the rapid conduction of nerve impulses allows the brain to receive, integrate, and respond to external stimuli more quickly, thereby increasing overall information processing efficiency.
- Promote the development of cognitive functions - the perfection of myelin is closely related to the cognitive functions of the brain, including the development of language, memory, attention, learning and other abilities that depend on an efficient nerve conduction system.
- Maintaining normal physiological functions -The integrity and stability of myelin sheaths are essential for maintaining normal physiological activities, such as the normal functioning of sensory and motor functions.
Role of Myelin in Nerve Conduction
The myelin sheath plays a crucial role in nerve conduction, and it serves the following purposes:
- Insulation: Myelin sheath is similar to the insulation layer in electric wires, which can prevent the transmission of nerve impulses from individual neuron axons to other neuron axons, avoiding interference and leakage between signals, and ensuring the accuracy and stability of nerve signals in the process of conduction.
- Accelerated conduction: The myelin sheath, through its special structure, enables the nerve impulses to be transmitted in a jumping mode, which can significantly speed up the transmission of nerve impulses and improve the reaction speed of the nervous system.
- Protecting axons: Myelin sheaths are tightly wrapped around the axons of neurons, providing a protective barrier for the axons, which can minimize the damage of external factors to the axons and help maintain the integrity and function of neurons.
- Supporting axonal regeneration: In case of axonal damage, myelin can play the role of guiding axonal regeneration and promoting the repair and recovery of the nervous system.
Myelin production is extremely important for the functional construction of the brain. In patients with demyelinating diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), the destruction of myelin by the autoimmune system results in the inability of nerves to conduct action potentials properly, which can lead to severe sensory and motor deficits. This further illustrates the critical role of myelin in maintaining normal brain function. Therefore, myelin production is crucial to the construction of brain function, which not only serves as the basis for efficient transmission of nerve signals, but also guarantees the normal function of the brain.
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