Tau Hyperphosphorylation Assay

Tau protein acts as a critical component of intraneuronal and glial fibrillary lesions in numerous diseases, especially Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD pathology is implicated in hyper-phosphorylated tau (p-tau) accumulation in neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Therefore, the research of new compounds or antibodies that attenuate p-tau is an urgent task. As a leader in the field of neuroscience, Creative Biolabs offers a variety of hyper-p-tau assays to help you explore AD mechanisms.

Overview of Tau Aberrant Phosphorylation

As we all know, Tau is a significant regulator of microtubule stability and is involved with neuronal plasticity. Tau is mainly found in neuronal axons. Under pathological conditions, Tau protein undergoes aberrant phosphorylation, truncation, or other modifications that cause the protein to dissociate from microtubules. In the early stage of neuronal cytopathies, abnormal p-tau has appeared, which can lead to the occurrence of neuritis by hindering neuronal axonal transport. Advanced lesions exhibit massive accumulation of NFTs and loss of normal cell function, leading to the occurrence of AD.

Hyper-p-tau and AD

Hyper-p-tau is a hallmark of various neurodegenerative diseases, especially AD. Hyper-p-tau leads to oligomerization and aggregation, resulting in paired helical filaments, which are characteristic of pre-tangling in neurons of AD patients. Furthermore, increased p-tau has been reported to affect tau-microtubule interactions and ultimately lead to neuronal death. Conversely, dephosphorylation of tau increases binding to tubulin, promoting normalization of the microtubule cytoskeleton. Therefore, abnormal phosphorylation of tau protein is one of the crucial pathological features of AD. Exploring the abnormal hyper-p-tau provides a basis for revealing the molecular mechanism of AD pathogenesis. What's more, twenty-one abnormal hyperphosphorylation sites have now been identified. Six phosphorylation sites aroused widespread interest among scientists and have been studied at present, namely Thr18, Ser 199/202, Ser 202/Thr205, Thr231, Ser262/356 and Ser396/404.

Fig.1 Hyper-p-tau physiological and pathological. (Nichols, 2014)

Hyper-p-tau Assay at Creative Biolabs

Hyper-p-tau is a typical pathological change in AD, and the Hyper-p-tau serves as an attractive therapeutic target for AD and related tau lesions. Therefore, Creative Biolabs is committed to providing a variety of cell models and assays to facilitate the detection of Hyper-p-tau. At Creative Biolabs, in addition to traditional methods such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blotting (WB), we also offer new immunoassays for hyper-p-tau detection using multi-arrayed fiberoptics (EIMAF) alone or in combination with rolling circle amplification (a-EIMAF).

• Cell Culture Models
• ELISA assay
• WB assay
• EIMAF assay
• a-EIMAF assay

With rich experience and an advanced platform, Creative Biolabs is committed to providing customized hyper-p-tau assay services to our customers worldwide to help you further understand the mechanism of AD. If you have any questions about hyper-p-tau related projects, please contact us in time for more details.

Reference

1. Nichols, T. W. Hyperphosphorylation of Tau Protein in Down's dementia and Alzheimer's disease: methylation and implications in prevention and therapy. Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience. 2014, 4(5): 1-8.