Mental Disorders/Psychiatric Disorders

What are Mental Disorders and Psychiatric Disorders?

Mental disorders/psychiatric disorders refer to brain dysfunction or disorder under the influence of various biological, psychological, and social environmental factors. They can result in different degrees of impairment of cognition, emotion, will and behavior, and other mental activities. As a result, they have been considered as a group of diseases with clinical manifestations and often need to be intervened by medical methods.

Many mental disorder patients have delusions, hallucinations, delusions, affective disorders, crying and laughing impermanent, self-talk, behavior weird, will decline, and other symptoms. Meanwhile, the vast majority of patients lack self-awareness, do not admit their illness, do not take the initiative to seek help from doctors. Up to now, a variety of common mental/psychiatric disorder types, like schizophrenia, manic depressive mental disorder, climacteric mental disorder, paranoid mental disorder, and several organic lesions-caused disorders.

Fig.1 A developmental view of psychiatric disorders. (Thapar, 2020)

Key Factors of Mental Disorders/Psychiatric Disorders

The causes of anxiety disorders, especially phobias, are not yet clear. Research shows that they may be related to genetic factors, personality factors, physiological factors, or psychological/social factors.

• Genetic and environmental factors

It has long been recognized that genes are one of the main factors influencing normal and abnormal behavior in humans and animals. We have conducted familial aggregation studies for functional disorders such as schizophrenia, anorexia nervosa, and ADHD in children. The results show that these diseases are heritable, with genes passing the susceptibility from one generation to the next.

• Infection

Infection can affect the central nervous system and produce mental disorders. For example, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can enter the brain and cause cognitive behavior damage.

Type of Mental Disorders/Psychiatric Disorders

Currently, different kinds of mental disorders/psychiatric disorders have been found in various human populations, some common types contain:

The Treatment of Mental Disorders/Psychiatric Disorders

The treatment of mental disorders/psychiatric disorders involves many different approaches, each with different benefits. The commonly used treatment methods for improving mental disorders include:

• Psychological treatment

Psychotherapy refers to the use of psychological theories and methods for the treatment of certain types of mental disorders/psychiatric disorders patients. This method can effectively arouse their courage and confidence to fight against the disease, and keep them in a positive emotional state to participate in the treatment.

• Family intervention

Family intervention is a method of home rehabilitation training for mental disorder patients under the guidance of therapists. Family intervention mainly adopts the method of combining family education and problem-solving training, the purpose is to reduce family stress and the risk of disease recurrence.

• Drug treatment

According to the specific symptoms of different mental disorders, such as depression, anxiety, cognitive impairment, to continuously adjust the treatment plan and give the corresponding treatment drugs. Among them, novel drugs that target specific Neural Proteins & Peptides and Neural Antibodies have become the most popular medications for treating mental disorders/psychiatric disorders.

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Reference

1. Thapar, A.; et al. The importance of a developmental perspective in Psychiatry: what do recent genetic-epidemiological findings show?. Molecular psychiatry. 2020, 25(8): 1631-1639.