Encephalitis Related Research Tools
Encephalitis is an important cause of morbidity, mortality, and permanent neurologic sequelae globally. Causes are diverse and include viral and non-viral infections of the brain as well as autoimmune processes. The most common viral encephalitis agents are Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), herpesviruses 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2), and arbovirus. Other relevant etiologies are cytomegalovirus (CMV), seasonal influenza, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), etc. The responsible virus may be detectable only in the brain and is either absent or transiently found in blood or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) includes two major categories: classic paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis (LE) with autoantibodies against intracellular neuronal antigens such as Hu and Ma2 and new-type AIE with autoantibodies to the neuronal surface or synaptic antigens.
Fig.1 Signaling pathways involved in the recognition of HSV. (Piret, 2020)
For instance, herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) is a severe neurological disease caused by HSV. Signaling pathways involved in the recognition of HSV are shown in Fig.1. TLR2, TLR3, TLR9 signaling pathways are essential for effective antiviral immunity in HSV infection. In the cytosol, viral dsDNA also induces the synthesis of Cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (cyclic GMP-AMP, cGAMP) by Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS, cGAMP synthase), which activates the STING/TRIF/TRAF3 signaling pathway. The popular targets are listed in the table below.
Summary of the Popular Targets in Encephalitis
Hu | Ma2 | IL23 |
TLR3 | TLR7 | TLR9 |
TRIF | TBK1 | STAT1 |
AMPAR receptor | NMDA receptor | GABAB1 receptor |
Creative Biolabs provides a series of research tools and services needed to promote your research on encephalitis. Our product portfolio includes monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), polyclonal antibodies (pAbs), labeled antibodies, proteins, analytical kits, small molecule activators and inhibitors. For some targets, a ready-to-use catalog may not be available. Please contact us for customized services.
Reference
- Piret, J.; Boivin G. Immunomodulatory Strategies in Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis. Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 2020, 33(2).
Target
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Cathepsin K Mouse Monoclonal Antibody
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Rat; Human; Pig
- Applications:
- WB
- Conjugation:
- Unconjugated; APC; PE; HRP; Biotin; FITC; Alexa Fluor 488; Alexa Fluor 700; Alexa Fluor 647; Alexa Fluor 750; Alexa Fluor 594; Alexa Fluor 350; Alexa Fluor 3558
- NeuroMab™ Anti-Amyloid Beta 1-15 Antibody(NRP-0422-P867) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P867)
- Mouse Anti-Human α-Synuclein Phospho (Tyr39) (CBP3706) (Cat#: NAB201250LS)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-TNFα BBB Shuttle Antibody(NRZP-1022-ZP4105) (Cat#: NRZP-1022-ZP4105)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-Tau Antibody(NRP-0422-P2275) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P2275)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-CD20 Antibody(NRP-0422-P1230) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P1230)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-PVRIG Antibody(NRP-0422-P792) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P792)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-Tau Antibody(NRP-0422-P1760) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P1760)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-F-Spondin/SPON1 Antibody, Clone N24875P (CBP11839) (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP4740)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-Tau Antibody(NRP-0422-P1686) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P1686)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-ApoC3 BBB Shuttle Antibody(NRZP-1022-ZP3505) (Cat#: NRZP-1022-ZP3505)
- Mouse Retinal Ganglion Cells (Cat#: NCL2110P145)
- Rat Schwann Cells RSC96, Immortalized (Cat#: NCL-2108P21)
- Human Brain Vascular Pericytes (Cat#: NCL-21P6-015)
- Rat Immortalized Retinal Muller Cell Line rMC-1 (Cat#: NCL-2106-S93)
- Mouse Microglia Cell Line BV-2, Immortalized (Cat#: NCL2110P153)
- Mouse Glioma Cell Line GL261-GFP (Cat#: NCL-2108P04)
- Human Retinal Epithelial Cell ARPE-19 (Cat#: NCL2110P069)
- Mouse Hippocampal Neuron Cell HT22 (Cat#: NCL2110P001)
- iNeu™ Microglia (Cat#: NCL-7P018)
- iNeu™ Human Motor Neurons (Cat#: NCL-2103-P71)
- Human Tau Aggregation Kit (Cat#: NRP-0322-P2173)
- Alpha Synuclein Aggregation Kit (Cat#: NRZP-1122-ZP15)
- Amyloid beta 1-42 Kit (Cat#: NRP-0322-P2170)
- Human GFAP ELISA Kit [Colorimetric] (Cat#: NPP2011ZP383)
- Beta Amyloid (1-42), Aggregation Kit (Cat#: NRZP-0323-ZP200)
- Alpha-Synuclein Aggregation Assay Kit (Cat#: NRZP-1122-ZP37)
- Human Poly ADP ribose polymerase,PARP Assay Kit (Cat#: NRZP-1122-ZP62)
- Beta Amyloid (1-40), Aggregation Kit, TTF Assay (Cat#: NRZP-0323-ZP199)
- pAAV-EF1a-DIO-EGFP-WPRE (Cat#: NTA-2012AD-P285)
- pAAV-syn-jGCaMP8f-WPRE (Cat#: NTA-2106-P061)
- rAAV-E-SARE-Cre-ERT2-PEST-WPRE-hGH polyA (Cat#: NTA-2010-TT342)
- AAV2 Full Capsids, Reference Standards (Cat#: NTC2101070CR)
- Dextran-CYanine5.5 (Cat#: NTA-2011-ZP118)
- rAAV-CAG-DIO-G-Flamp1 (Cat#: NRZP-0722-ZP719)
- AAV-mDLX-CRE-tdTomato (Cat#: NRZP-0622-ZP721)
- AAV2/2Retro-CAG-DIO-EGFP-2A-TetTox-pA [Neural Tracing] (Cat#: NTA-2012-ZP303)
- AAV2/9-hSyn-Flpo-EGFP-WPRE-pA (Cat#: NTA-2012-ZP149)
- pAAV-hSyn-DIO-XCaMP-R-WPRE (Cat#: NTA-2012AD-P508)
- Human apolipoprotein E (APOE) (NM_000041) ORF clone, Untagged (Cat#: NEP-0421-R0232)
- Human superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular (SOD3) (NM_003102) ORF clone, Untagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0808)
- Lenti of Human TAR DNA binding protein (TARDBP) (NM_007375) ORF clone, mGFP Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0832)
- Human huntingtin (HTT) (NM_002111) ORF clone, Myc-DDK Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0497)
- Human huntingtin-associated protein 1 (HAP1) transcript variant 2 (NM_177977) ORF clone, Myc-DDK Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0676)
- Rat Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, juvenile) 2, parkin (Park2) (NM_020093) ORF clone/lentiviral particle, Myc-DDK Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0621-R0041)
- Mouse SOD1 shRNA Silencing Adenovirus (Cat#: NV-2106-P14)
- Human presenilin 1 (PSEN1), transcript variant 2 (NM_007318) ORF clone, TurboGFP Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0421-R0140)
- Human superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (SOD1) (NM_000454) ORF clone, TurboGFP Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0748)
- Lenti of Mouse synuclein, alpha (Snca) transcript variant (NM_001042451) ORF clone, mGFP Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0864)
- NeuroBiologics™ Monkey Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP495)
- NeuroBiologics™ Pig Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP498)
- NeuroBiologics™ Mouse Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP497)
- NeuroBiologics™ Rat Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP496)
- NeuroBiologics™ Human Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP491)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-IDS BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP503)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-NAGLU BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP506)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-Erythropoietin BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP499)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-IDUA BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP498)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-EPO BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP508)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-idursulfase BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP497)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-IDUA BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP502)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-ASA BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP504)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-SGSH BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP505)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-PON1 BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP507)