MS Biomarker Assay
Background of MS Biomarker
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) clinically characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and axonal damage. Molecular biomarkers from the fields of immunology and neurobiology that can be quantified are ideal complements to disease clinical features. Biomarkers play an instrumental role in the pathogenesis exploration of neurodegenerative disease, early diagnosis, and disease progression assessment. Also, biomarker determination can accurately evaluate the patient's response to the treatment effect and side effects, so as to provide better patient care and effective disease management. In disease management in MS, reliable ex vivo biomarker identification and detection are urgent demands for improving the accuracy of differential diagnosis and prognostic assessment, and anticipating treatment effect both pre-clinically and clinically in order to screen promising drug candidates for MS.
MS Biomarker Assay
Clinically useful biomarkers in MS include diagnostic biomarkers, IgG oligoclonal bands, IgG index, and anti-aquaporin 4 antibody; natalizumab-response biomarkers, anti-natalizumab antibodies, anti-JC virus antibodies; interferon β response biomarker, neutralizing antibodies; fingolimod-response biomarker, anti-varicella zoster virus antibodies; and other biomarkers such as TOB-1, neurofilament Light (NFL), myelin basic protein (MBP), KIR4.1 antibodies, serum osteopontin (OPN), etc. (Paul, 2019). Creative Biolabs offers a range of MS biomarker assays that can sensitively measure the biomarker at low levels, including sandwich ELISA assay, electrochemiluminescence assay, and single molecule array (Sioma) assay. The sandwich ELISA assay and single molecule array assay are both based on immunoassay. The single molecule array assay is considerably more sensitive than the typical sandwich ELISA since it can isolate and read individual molecules in femtometer-sized wells of the microarray. As a result, it is often used in the detection of biomarkers of MS from both blood and cerebrospinal fluid samples.
Fig.1 Types of biomarkers in multiple sclerosis. (Comabella, 2014)
Creative Biolabs provides an advanced and sensitive ex vivo MS biomarker assay that can easily and repeatedly identify and quantify axonal degeneration and damage, glial activation and dysfunction, and remyelination and repair, which enables researchers to accurately evaluate the diagnosis, prognosis, and progression of MS. The clinical symptoms of MS including inflammation, demyelination, and oxidative stress could be appropriately evaluated by detecting and measuring typical MS biomarkers. In addition, researchers are able to assess the effect of candidate compounds on the disease progression and thus screen perspective drugs.
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References
- Paul, A.; et al. Biomarkers in multiple sclerosis. Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine. 2019, 9(3): a029058.
- Comabella, M.; Montalban, X. Body fluid biomarkers in multiple sclerosis. The Lancet Neurology. 2014, 13(1): 113-126.
