Calcium Sensors

In the mammalian nervous system, calcium is an important intracellular signaling molecule in neurons. When neurons are active, the intracellular calcium ion concentration can increase 10-100 times. Calcium indicators that are genetically encoded (GECI) are widely employed. GECI is a fluorescent protein that binds to a calcium-binding protein like calmodulin or troponin C. The top-selling genetically encoded calcium indicators are currently GCaMP, Pericams, Cameleons, TN-XXL, and Twitch. GCaMP6 is particularly useful for in vivo calcium imaging research due to its high sensitivity.

GECIs
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GECIs

Variant	Description
GCaMP6	There are three distinct subtypes of the sixth generation of GCaMP protein (GCaMP6), each with unique properties: GCaMP6s, GCaMP6m, and GCaMP6f, each with different characteristics. GCaMP6s is highly sensitive and suitable for the indication of low-frequency signals. GCaMP6f has a fast kinetic curve and the fastest dissociation, which is ideal for the indication of high-frequency signals. You need to choose according to your experimental needs.
jGCaMP7	The jGCaMP7 family contains four different types of proteins: jGCaMP7s has high sensitivity and is suitable for the detection of low-frequency signals; jGCaMP7f has fast kinetics and is suitable for the stronger detection of single action potential responses. jGCaMP7b has a higher background fluorescence, making it useful for identifying neural processes or nerve fibers; jGCaMP7c has the lowest background fluorescence, with a clear signal and good contrast, making it ideal for range imaging.
XCaMP	Based on CaMKK, XCaMP is produced by mutation screening and is available in four color variants: blue (XCaMP-B), green (XCaMP-G), orange (XCaMP-O), and red (XCaMP-R). XCaMP-G has a greater fluorescence intensity than GCaMP6, and it also performs noticeably better than GCaMP6 in the calcium ion response to action potential stimulation. When XCaMP is used in a neuron-specific expression approach, the activity of three different types of neurons in a certain behavior can be monitored concurrently in a freely moving state. This XCaMP, when used in two-photon microscopy for microstructural functional imaging, allows for simultaneous two-color imaging of presynaptic and postsynaptic structures.
CaMPARI	CaMPARI is a new calcium imaging method that considers both global and microscopic characteristics. CaMPARI can convert instantaneous neuronal activity into permanent red fluorescent protein expression, including CaMPARI and CaMPARI2.

Please browse through our related products list of calcium sensors to find the right calcium imaging tools for your experiment.

Creative Biolabs offers a large inventory of GECI, and the list below will help you find the product you are looking for. If you can't locate the product you're looking for, please contact us directly and we also offer associated AAV packaging services and pre-made AAV tools.

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