Alzheimer's Disease Related Research Tools
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, a complex neurodegenerative brain disorder characterized by the progressive impairment of cognitive functions, particularly memory, thinking, language, mood, and behavioral issues.
AD is biologically defined by the presence of β-amyloid (Abeta) -containing plaques and tau-containing neurofibrillary tangles. Abeta plaques are formed by the aggregation of beta-amyloid peptides, which are fragments of a larger protein called amyloid precursor protein (APP).
Tau tangles, on the other hand, result from the abnormal phosphorylation and aggregation of tau protein, which is normally involved in maintaining the stability of microtubules within neurons. In Alzheimer's disease, tau protein forms twisted filaments called neurofibrillary tangles.
The accumulation of beta-amyloid plaques and tau tangles initiates a cascade of events that contribute to the progressive neurodegeneration observed in AD. This includes the activation of immune cells (microglia), inflammation, impairment of synaptic connections, and disruption of various signaling pathways in the brain.
As the disease progresses, affected individuals experience a decline in cognitive abilities, memory loss, disorientation, language difficulties, and changes in behavior and personality.
Biological Processes and Targets Related to Alzheimer's Disease
Fig1. Pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease. (Dhapola, 2021)
Biological processes | Targets |
Amyloid-beta plaques formation | APP, Aβ, PSEN1, PSEN2, B2M, Gal-3, AICD, BACE1, RAGE, ADAM, ApoE4, NEP, IDE, GSK-3 |
Neurofibrillary tangle formation | Tau, NF-kB, TNF-α, ILs, Cdc42, GSK-3β, CDK5, TPK-1, MARK, MAPK, AMPK, Dyrk1A, p53, PAC1R, ERK, CREB, CaMKII |
Neuroinflammation | TNF-α, TREM2, CD33, NF-κB, CD36, Calhm2, NLRP2, APOE, PGE2, IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ, TGF-β, SR-A, CR1, ABCA7, KMO, IFN-γ, P2X7R, TLR, CSF1R, miR-155, STAT3, CaSR, ABCA1, BACE1, Aqp4 |
Oxidative stress | NRF2, NADPH, PGC1α, miRNA-485, SIRT-1, PPAR-α |
Mitochondrial dysfunction | PGC1α |
Cholinergic insufficiency | AChE, BuChE, NGF |
Autophagy dysfunction | PKA, Drp-1, Parkin, mTOR, AMPK, LOX |
Neurovascular dysfunction | GLUT1, LRP1, P-gp, RAGE, CypA-MMP9 |
Synapse loss and alterations | NLRP3, RhoA, BDNF, PKCɛ, Jacob, NCAM, MAPK, ERK, NGF, ACSS2, CREB, NMDAR |
Ferroptosis | NRF2, GPX4, GSS |
Lipid dyshomeostasis | APOE, HMG-CoA, ACAT1 |
Genetic risk factor | APOE4, APP, PSEN1, PSEN2 |
Creative Biolabs offers a wide range of cutting-edge research products geared toward the investigation of biological processes underlying Alzheimer's disease. Our products including antibodies, cell lines, proteins & peptides, and assay kits, are among the bio-reagents keenly sought by neuroscience researchers.
Reference
- Dhapola, R.; et al. Recent advances in molecular pathways and therapeutic implications targeting neuroinflammation for Alzheimer's disease. Inflammopharmacology. 2021, 29(6): 1669-1681.
Target
Ferritin Heavy Chain Mouse Monoclonal Antibody
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Human
- Applications:
- ELISA; WB; ChIP
- Conjugation:
- Unconjugated; APC; PE; HRP; Biotin; FITC; Alexa Fluor 488; Alexa Fluor 700; Alexa Fluor 647; Alexa Fluor 750; Alexa Fluor 594; Alexa Fluor 350; Alexa Fluor 2123
Ferritin Heavy Chain Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody
- Host Species:
- Rabbit
- Species Reactivity:
- Human
- Applications:
- WB; IHC-P; IHC-Fr
- Conjugation:
- Unconjugated
Ferritin Heavy Chain Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody
- Host Species:
- Rabbit
- Species Reactivity:
- Mouse; Rat
- Applications:
- IHC-P; WB
- Conjugation:
- Unconjugated
- NeuroMab™ Mouse Anti-LRP1 Monoclonal Antibody (CBP3363) (Cat#: NAB-0720-Z6479)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-Tau Antibody(NRP-0422-P1760) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P1760)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-F-Spondin/SPON1 Antibody, Clone N24875P (CBP11839) (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP4740)
- Mouse Anti-SCN5A Monoclonal Antibody (CBP708) (Cat#: NAB-0720-Z2720)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-EPHB2 Antibody(NRP-0422-P1220) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P1220)
- NeuroMab™ Mouse Anti-EFNB2 Monoclonal Antibody (CBP1159) (Cat#: NAB-0720-Z4396)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-pTau Antibody(NRP-0422-P1719) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P1719)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-Integrin αvβ8 BBB Shuttle Antibody(NRZP-1222-ZP1218) (Cat#: NRZP-1222-ZP1218)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-GARP Antibody(NRP-0422-P1639) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P1639)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-TREM2 Antibody(NRP-0422-P792) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P792)
- Human Brain Vascular Pericytes (Cat#: NCL-21P6-015)
- Human Hippocampal Neuron Cells HPPNCs (Cat#: NCL2110P106)
- Green Fluorescent Tau SH-SY5Y cell Line (Cat#: NCL2110P219)
- Human Brain Astroblastoma U-87 MG (Cat#: NCL2110P117)
- Mouse Retinal Ganglion Cell Line RGC-5 (Cat#: NCL2110P154)
- Human Glial (Oligodendrocytic) Hybrid Cell Line (MO3.13) (Cat#: NCL-2108P34)
- Green Fluorescent Alpha-synuclein SH-SY5Y Cell Line (Cat#: NCL2110P209)
- Rat Microglia Cell Line HAPI, Immortalized (Cat#: NCL2110P015)
- Rat Muller Cell (Cat#: NCL2110P040)
- iNeu™ Human Sensory Neurons (Cat#: NCL-2103-P62)
- Alpha-Synuclein Aggregation Assay Kit (Cat#: NRZP-1122-ZP37)
- Human Tau Aggregation Kit (Cat#: NRP-0322-P2173)
- Alpha Synuclein Aggregation Kit (Cat#: NRZP-1122-ZP15)
- Human GFAP ELISA Kit [Colorimetric] (Cat#: NPP2011ZP383)
- Beta Amyloid (1-42), Aggregation Kit (Cat#: NRZP-0323-ZP200)
- Amyloid beta 1-42 Kit (Cat#: NRP-0322-P2170)
- Human Poly ADP ribose polymerase,PARP Assay Kit (Cat#: NRZP-1122-ZP62)
- Beta Amyloid (1-40), Aggregation Kit, TTF Assay (Cat#: NRZP-0323-ZP199)
- VSV-eGFP (Cat#: NTA-2011-ZP20)
- pAAV-EF1a-DIO-EGFP-WPRE (Cat#: NTA-2012AD-P285)
- rAAV-E-SARE-Cre-ERT2-PEST-WPRE-hGH polyA (Cat#: NTA-2010-TT342)
- Dextran, NHS Activated, 40 kDa (Cat#: NRZP-0722-ZP124)
- pAAV-hSyn-DIO-XCaMP-R-WPRE (Cat#: NTA-2012AD-P508)
- AAV-EF1a-mCherry-flex-dtA (Cat#: NRZP-0622-ZP616)
- AAV2/2Retro-CAG-DIO-EGFP-2A-TetTox-pA [Neural Tracing] (Cat#: NTA-2012-ZP303)
- Dextran-CYanine5.5 (Cat#: NTA-2011-ZP118)
- AAV-mDLX-CRE-tdTomato (Cat#: NRZP-0622-ZP721)
- pAAV-syn-jGCaMP8m-WPRE (Cat#: NTA-2106-P062)
- Rat Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, juvenile) 2, parkin (Park2) (NM_020093) ORF clone/lentiviral particle, Myc-DDK Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0621-R0041)
- Mouse SOD1 shRNA Silencing Adenovirus (Cat#: NV-2106-P14)
- Lenti of Human TAR DNA binding protein (TARDBP) (NM_007375) ORF clone, mGFP Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0832)
- Lenti of Mouse synuclein, alpha (Snca) transcript variant (NM_001042451) ORF clone, mGFP Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0864)
- Human superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular (SOD3) (NM_003102) ORF clone, Untagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0808)
- App Rat amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein (App)(NM_019288) ORF clone, Untagged (Cat#: NEP-0421-R0053)
- Mouse Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, early onset) 7 (Park7) (NM_020569) clone, Untagged (Cat#: NEP-0621-R0133)
- Human huntingtin-associated protein 1 (HAP1) transcript variant 2 (NM_177977) ORF clone, Myc-DDK Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0676)
- Human superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (SOD1) (NM_000454) ORF clone, TurboGFP Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0748)
- Human huntingtin (HTT) (NM_002111) ORF clone, Myc-DDK Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0497)
- NeuroBiologics™ Monkey Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP495)
- NeuroBiologics™ Mouse Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP497)
- NeuroBiologics™ Human Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP491)
- NeuroBiologics™ Rat Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP496)
- NeuroBiologics™ Pig Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP498)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-ASA BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP504)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-IDUA BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP498)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-EPO BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP508)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-TNFR BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP501)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-PON1 BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP507)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-GDNF BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP509)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-idursulfase BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP497)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-SGSH BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP505)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-Erythropoietin BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP499)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-TNFR BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP510)