Microglia Marker Related Research Reagents
Microglia are resident macrophages in the central nervous system (CNS) and play an immune defense role. They exist in a static state in healthy CNS tissues, actively investigate the surrounding areas after being injured or infected, and can be quickly activated in response to environmental changes.
Once a threat is detected, the microglia will undergo morphological changes. Activated microglia are divided into two states, M1 and M2, based on their morphology. M1 microglia are the cells that initially respond to injury and cause proinflammatory responses. Cytokines, such as IFN-γ and TNF-α, as well as bacteria and cell debris, will polarize microglia to the M1 phenotype. M2 microglia are "alternatively" activated microglia, also recognized as anti-inflammatory microglia, that can promote the regression of neuroinflammation and stimulate tissue repair.
Fig.1 Schematic description of microglial activation and polarization in the central nervous system.
Summary of Microglia Markers Provided by Creative Biolabs
Steady-State Microglia Markers
Subcellular Localization | Markers | |
Cytoplasmic | AIF-1/Iba1 | |
Cell Surface |
CD11b/Integrin aM CD45 CX3CR1 F4/80/EMR1 FcγRI/CD64 FCRL4/FcRH4 |
M-CSF R/CD115 Mer P2Y12/P2RY12 Siglec-H TMEM119 |
Secreted | BDNF IGF-I | BDNF IGF-I |
M1 Microglia Markers
Subcellular Localization | Markers | |
Cytoplasmic | iNOS | COX-2 |
Cell Surface |
B7-1/CD80 B7-2/CD86 CD11b/Integrin aM CD36/SR-B3 CD40/TNFRSF5 |
CD68/SR-D1 Fcg RII/CD32 Fcg RIII/CD16 HLA-DR MHC Class II |
Secreted |
CCL2/JE/MCP-1 CCL4/MIP-1b CXCL1/GROa/KC/CINC-1 CXCL10/IP-10 IFN-g IL-1b/IL-1F2 |
IL-6 IL-12 IL-17/IL-17A IL-18/IL-1F4 Nitric Oxide TNF-a |
M2 Microglia Markers
Subcellular Localization | Markers | |
Nuclear | PPARg/NR1C3 | |
Cytoplasmic | Arginase 1/ARG1 Transglutaminase 2/TGM2 | Arginase 1/ARG1 Transglutaminase 2/TGM2 |
Cell Surface |
CD163 CLEC10A/CD301 DC-SIGN/CD209 HLA-DR MHC Class II |
MMR/CD206 Siglec-3/CD33 SR-AI TREM-2 |
Secreted |
BDNF FIZZ1/RELMa IGF-I IL-1ra/IL-1F3 IL-4 |
IL-10 IL-13 TGF-b YM1/Chitinase 2-like 3 |
Creative Biolabs provides a series of research tools needed to study the activation status of different microglia. Our product portfolio includes monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antibodies, labeled antibodies, proteins, analytical kits, and small molecule activators and inhibitors.


- Applications:
- ELISA
- iNeuMab™ Anti-CD20 Antibody (NRP-0422-P1230) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P1230)
- iNeuMab™ Anti-Tau Antibody (NRP-0422-P2275) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P2275)
- iNeuMab™ Anti-Amyloid Beta 1-15 Antibody (NRP-0422-P867) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P867)
- iNeuMab™ Anti-Tau Antibody (NRP-0422-P1760) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P1760)
- iNeuMab™ Mouse Anti-SHANK3 Monoclonal Antibody (CBP929) (Cat#: NAB-0720-Z3477)
- iNeuMab™ Anti-SEZ6 Antibody (NRP-0422-P517) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P517)
- iNeuMab™ Anti-GD2 Antibody (NRZP-1222-ZP767) (Cat#: NRZP-1222-ZP767)
- Mouse Anti-Human α-Synuclein Phospho (Tyr39) (CBP3706) (Cat#: NAB201250LS)
- iNeuMab™ Anti-FGFR1 Antibody (NRP-0422-P1244) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P1244)
- iNeuMab™ Anti-ApoC3 BBB Shuttle Antibody (NRZP-1022-ZP3503) (Cat#: NRZP-1022-ZP3503)
- iNeu™ Human Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells (OPCs) (Cat#: NCL-2103-P49)
- Mouse Retinal Ganglion Cells (Cat#: NCL2110P145)
- Green Fluorescent BACE1 Cell Lines (Cat#: NCL2110P214)
- Rat Glioma Cell Line C6 (Cat#: NCL2110P346)
- Mouse Retinal Ganglion Cell Line RGC-5 (Cat#: NCL2110P154)
- Human Brain Astroblastoma U-87 MG (Cat#: NCL2110P117)
- iNeu™ Human Schwann Cell (Cat#: NCL-2103-P63)
- Human Microglia Cell Line HMC3, Immortalized (Cat#: NCL-2108P38)
- Mouse Glioma Cell Line GL-261-Luc (Cat#: NCL-2108P06)
- Mouse Midbrain Dopaminergic Neuron Cell MN9D (Cat#: NCL2110P059)
- Beta Amyloid (1-42), Aggregation Kit (Cat#: NRZP-0323-ZP200)
- Alpha-Synuclein Aggregation Assay Kit (Cat#: NRZP-1122-ZP37)
- Human Poly ADP ribose polymerase,PARP Assay Kit (Cat#: NRZP-1122-ZP62)
- Human GFAP ELISA Kit [Colorimetric] (Cat#: NPP2011ZP383)
- Amyloid beta 1-42 Kit (Cat#: NRP-0322-P2170)
- Alpha Synuclein Aggregation Kit (Cat#: NRZP-1122-ZP15)
- Human Tau Aggregation Kit (Cat#: NRP-0322-P2173)
- Beta Amyloid (1-40), Aggregation Kit (Cat#: NRZP-0323-ZP199)
- VSV-eGFP (Cat#: NTA-2011-ZP20)
- Dextran, NHS Activated (Cat#: NRZP-0722-ZP124)
- AAV2 Full Capsids, Reference Standards (Cat#: NTC2101070CR)
- Human superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (SOD1) (NM_000454) ORF clone, TurboGFP Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0748)
- Human presenilin 1 (PSEN1), transcript variant 2 (NM_007318) ORF clone, TurboGFP Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0421-R0140)
- ABCA1 Antisense Oligonucleotide (NV-2106-P27) (Cat#: NV-2106-P27)
- Tau Antisense Oligonucleotide (IONIS-MAPTRx) (Cat#: NV-2106-P29)
- Mouse Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, early onset) 7 (Park7) (NM_020569) clone, Untagged (Cat#: NEP-0621-R0133)
- Human huntingtin (HTT) (NM_002111) ORF clone, Myc-DDK Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0497)
- Human apolipoprotein E (APOE) (NM_000041) ORF clone, Untagged (Cat#: NEP-0421-R0232)
- Mouse SOD1 shRNA Silencing Adenovirus (Cat#: NV-2106-P14)
- Lenti of Human TAR DNA binding protein (TARDBP) (NM_007375) ORF clone, mGFP Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0832)
- Human superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular (SOD3) (NM_003102) ORF clone, Untagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0808)
- NeuroBiologics™ Monkey Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP495)
- NeuroBiologics™ Mouse Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP497)
- NeuroBiologics™ Human Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP491)
- NeuroBiologics™ Pig Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP498)
- NeuroBiologics™ Rat Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP496)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-GDNF BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP509)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-GDNF BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP500)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-IDS BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP503)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-EPO BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP508)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-ASA BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP504)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-TNFR BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP510)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-IDUA BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP498)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-Erythropoietin BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP499)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-PON1 BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP507)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-NAGLU BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP506)