Microglia Marker Related Research Reagents
Microglia are resident macrophages in the central nervous system (CNS) and play an immune defense role. They exist in a static state in healthy CNS tissues, actively investigate the surrounding areas after being injured or infected, and can be quickly activated in response to environmental changes.
Once a threat is detected, the microglia will undergo morphological changes. Activated microglia are divided into two states, M1 and M2, based on their morphology. M1 microglia are the cells that initially respond to injury and cause proinflammatory responses. Cytokines, such as IFN-γ and TNF-α, as well as bacteria and cell debris, will polarize microglia to the M1 phenotype. M2 microglia are "alternatively" activated microglia, also recognized as anti-inflammatory microglia, that can promote the regression of neuroinflammation and stimulate tissue repair.
Fig.1 Schematic description of microglial activation and polarization in the central nervous system.
Summary of Microglia Markers Provided by Creative Biolabs
Steady-State Microglia Markers
Subcellular Localization | Markers | |
Cytoplasmic | AIF-1/Iba1 | |
Cell Surface |
CD11b/Integrin aM CD45 CX3CR1 F4/80/EMR1 FcγRI/CD64 FCRL4/FcRH4 |
M-CSF R/CD115 Mer P2Y12/P2RY12 Siglec-H TMEM119 |
Secreted | BDNF IGF-I | BDNF IGF-I |
M1 Microglia Markers
Subcellular Localization | Markers | |
Cytoplasmic | iNOS | COX-2 |
Cell Surface |
B7-1/CD80 B7-2/CD86 CD11b/Integrin aM CD36/SR-B3 CD40/TNFRSF5 |
CD68/SR-D1 Fcg RII/CD32 Fcg RIII/CD16 HLA-DR MHC Class II |
Secreted |
CCL2/JE/MCP-1 CCL4/MIP-1b CXCL1/GROa/KC/CINC-1 CXCL10/IP-10 IFN-g IL-1b/IL-1F2 |
IL-6 IL-12 IL-17/IL-17A IL-18/IL-1F4 Nitric Oxide TNF-a |
M2 Microglia Markers
Subcellular Localization | Markers | |
Nuclear | PPARg/NR1C3 | |
Cytoplasmic | Arginase 1/ARG1 Transglutaminase 2/TGM2 | Arginase 1/ARG1 Transglutaminase 2/TGM2 |
Cell Surface |
CD163 CLEC10A/CD301 DC-SIGN/CD209 HLA-DR MHC Class II |
MMR/CD206 Siglec-3/CD33 SR-AI TREM-2 |
Secreted |
BDNF FIZZ1/RELMa IGF-I IL-1ra/IL-1F3 IL-4 |
IL-10 IL-13 TGF-b YM1/Chitinase 2-like 3 |
Creative Biolabs provides a series of research tools needed to study the activation status of different microglia. Our product portfolio includes monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antibodies, labeled antibodies, proteins, analytical kits, and small molecule activators and inhibitors.


pan Macrophage Mouse Monoclonal Antibody
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Rat
- Applications:
- IHC-Fr; FCM
- Conjugation:
- Unconjugated
- Mouse Anti-Human α-Synuclein Phospho (Tyr39) (CBP3706) (Cat#: NAB201250LS)
- iNeuMab™ Anti-TREM2 Antibody (NRP-0422-P792) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P792)
- iNeuMab™ Anti-ApoC3 BBB Shuttle Antibody (NRZP-1022-ZP3505) (Cat#: NRZP-1022-ZP3505)
- iNeuMab™ Anti-TNFα BBB Shuttle Antibody (NRZP-1022-ZP4105) (Cat#: NRZP-1022-ZP4105)
- iNeuMab™ Rabbit Anti-Alpha-synuclein (CBP1631) (Cat#: NAB-08-PZ079)
- Mouse Anti-SCN5A Monoclonal Antibody (CBP708) (Cat#: NAB-0720-Z2720)
- iNeuMab™ Anti-Tau Antibody (NRP-0422-P1686) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P1686)
- iNeuMab™ Anti-FGFR1 Antibody (NRP-0422-P1244) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P1244)
- iNeuMab™ Mouse Anti-SHANK3 Monoclonal Antibody (CBP929) (Cat#: NAB-0720-Z3477)
- iNeuMab™ Anti-SEZ6 Antibody (NRP-0422-P517) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P517)
- Human Microglia Cell Line HMC3, Immortalized (Cat#: NCL-2108P38)
- Mouse Glioma Cell Line GL261-GFP (Cat#: NCL-2108P04)
- Mouse Microglia from C57BL/6 (Cat#: NCL-21P6-082)
- Rat Muller Cell (Cat#: NCL2110P040)
- Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells (Cat#: NRZP-1122-ZP113)
- Human Blood Brain Barrier Model (Cat#: NCL-2103-P187)
- Human Brain Vascular Adventitial Fibroblasts (Cat#: NCL-21P6-014)
- Rat Schwann Cells RSC96, Immortalized (Cat#: NCL-2108P21)
- Mouse Retinal Ganglion Cell Line RGC-5 (Cat#: NCL2110P154)
- Mouse Glioma Cell Line GL-261-Luc (Cat#: NCL-2108P06)
- Alpha-Synuclein Aggregation Assay Kit (Cat#: NRZP-1122-ZP37)
- Human Poly ADP ribose polymerase,PARP Assay Kit (Cat#: NRZP-1122-ZP62)
- Beta Amyloid (1-42), Aggregation Kit (Cat#: NRZP-0323-ZP200)
- Human GFAP ELISA Kit [Colorimetric] (Cat#: NPP2011ZP383)
- Amyloid beta 1-42 Kit (Cat#: NRP-0322-P2170)
- Human Tau Aggregation Kit (Cat#: NRP-0322-P2173)
- Beta Amyloid (1-40), Aggregation Kit (Cat#: NRZP-0323-ZP199)
- Alpha Synuclein Aggregation Kit (Cat#: NRZP-1122-ZP15)
- AAV2/9-hEF1a-fDIO-eNpHR 3.0-mCherry-WPRE-pA (Cat#: NTA-2012-ZP78)
- Dextran, NHS Activated (Cat#: NRZP-0722-ZP124)
- AAV2 Full Capsids, Reference Standards (Cat#: NTC2101070CR)
- VSV-eGFP (Cat#: NTA-2011-ZP20)
- Mouse Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, early onset) 7 (Park7) (NM_020569) clone, Untagged (Cat#: NEP-0621-R0133)
- Mouse SOD1 shRNA Silencing Adenovirus (Cat#: NV-2106-P14)
- Human huntingtin (HTT) (NM_002111) ORF clone, Myc-DDK Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0497)
- ABCA1 Antisense Oligonucleotide (NV-2106-P27) (Cat#: NV-2106-P27)
- Lenti of Mouse synuclein, alpha (Snca) transcript variant (NM_001042451) ORF clone, mGFP Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0864)
- Human superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular (SOD3) (NM_003102) ORF clone, Untagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0808)
- Human superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (SOD1) (NM_000454) ORF clone, TurboGFP Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0748)
- Tau Antisense Oligonucleotide (IONIS-MAPTRx) (Cat#: NV-2106-P29)
- Human huntingtin-associated protein 1 (HAP1) transcript variant 2 (NM_177977) ORF clone, Myc-DDK Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0676)
- App Rat amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein (App)(NM_019288) ORF clone, Untagged (Cat#: NEP-0421-R0053)
- NeuroBiologics™ Monkey Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP495)
- NeuroBiologics™ Pig Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP498)
- NeuroBiologics™ Human Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP491)
- NeuroBiologics™ Rat Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP496)
- NeuroBiologics™ Mouse Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP497)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-NAGLU BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP506)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-SGSH BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP505)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-TNFR BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP510)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-IDUA BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP498)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-IDUA BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP502)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-EPO BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP508)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-GDNF BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP509)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-TNFR BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP501)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-Erythropoietin BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP499)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-idursulfase BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP497)