Myasthenia Gravis Related Research Tools
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease caused by antibodies against the acetylcholine receptor (AChR), muscle-specific kinase (MuSK) or other AChR-related proteins in the postsynaptic muscle membrane. Localized or general muscle weakness is the predominant symptom and is induced by the antibodies. Traditionally, most patients with MG require induction therapy with high doses of corticosteroids and maintenance with an immunosuppressant. Nowadays, biologics are emerging as important therapeutic tools that provide better corticosteroid-sparing effects than standard treatments and can even induce remission.
Fig.1 The main cells and pathways in the immune network of MG and their potential as therapeutic targets. (Dalakas, 2019)
As shown in Fig.1, immunotherapeutics that target different elements in these pathways are shown in yellow boxes. The AChR is presented to CD4+ T cells by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) via co-stimulatory molecules. Downstream upregulation of cytokines stimulates B cells to produce anti-AChR antibodies that lead to the destruction of AChRs by fixing complement at the neuromuscular endplate region. Levels of regulatory T (Treg) and T helper (TH) 17 cells and cytokines are increased in patients with MG, thereby causing the immune imbalance.
Several biologic agents have shown promising effects in studies of their efficacy in MG to date. The success suggests that the emergence of new molecular targets could bring a revolution in the treatment of MG. Creative Biolabs has screened the most popular targets and provides high-quality products as well as customized services for our clients. For more services and products, please contact us.
CD19 | CD20 | CD80 | CD86 |
IL-2 | IL-4 | IL-6 | IL-17 |
IL-22 | JAK1 | JAK2 | JAK3 |
AchR | PD-1 | PD-L1 | CTLA4 |
C5 | C3 | TNF | B cell trophic factor (BAFF) |
Reference
- Dalakas, M. C. Immunotherapy in myasthenia gravis in the era of biologics. Nature Reviews Neurology. 2019, 15(2): 113-124.
Target
- Host Species:
- Mouse
- Species Reactivity:
- Human
- Applications:
- WB; IP; IF; ELISA
- Conjugation:
- Unconjugated; APC; PE; HRP; Biotin; FITC; Alexa Fluor 488; Alexa Fluor 700; Alexa Fluor 647; Alexa Fluor 750; Alexa Fluor 594; Alexa Fluor 350; Alexa Fluor 2659
- NeuroMab™ Anti-FGFR1 Antibody(NRP-0422-P1244) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P1244)
- Mouse Anti-Human α-Synuclein Phospho (Tyr39) (CBP3706) (Cat#: NAB201250LS)
- NeuroMab™ Mouse Anti-SHANK3 Monoclonal Antibody (CBP929) (Cat#: NAB-0720-Z3477)
- NeuroMab™ Rabbit Anti-LRRK2 Monoclonal Antibody (CBP1887) (Cat#: NAB-08-PZ735)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-Amyloid Beta 1-15 Antibody(NRP-0422-P867) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P867)
- NeuroMab™ Mouse Anti-LRP1 Monoclonal Antibody (CBP3363) (Cat#: NAB-0720-Z6479)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-Tau Antibody(NRP-0422-P1684) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P1684)
- NeuroMab™ Rabbit Anti-Alpha-synuclein (CBP1631) (Cat#: NAB-08-PZ079)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-Tau Antibody(NRP-0422-P1686) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P1686)
- NeuroMab™ Anti-Tau Antibody(NRP-0422-P1760) (Cat#: NRP-0422-P1760)
- Rat Glioma Cell Line C6 (Cat#: NCL2110P346)
- Human Astrocytes, Immortalized (Cat#: NCL-2105-P182-AM)
- iNeu™ Human Motor Neurons (Cat#: NCL-2103-P71)
- Human Glioblastoma Cell Line SF126 (Cat#: NCL-2108P35)
- Green Fluorescent Alpha-synuclein SH-SY5Y Cell Line (Cat#: NCL2110P209)
- Human Brain Vascular Pericytes (Cat#: NCL-21P6-015)
- iNeu™ Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells (RPE) (Cat#: NRZP-0323-ZP92)
- Green Fluorescent Tau SH-SY5Y cell Line (Cat#: NCL2110P219)
- Mouse Microglia N9 (Cat#: NCL2110P073)
- Human Astrocytes (Cat#: NCC20-9PZ01)
- Amyloid beta 1-42 Kit (Cat#: NRP-0322-P2170)
- Beta Amyloid (1-40), Aggregation Kit, TTF Assay (Cat#: NRZP-0323-ZP199)
- Beta Amyloid (1-42), Aggregation Kit (Cat#: NRZP-0323-ZP200)
- Human Poly ADP ribose polymerase,PARP Assay Kit (Cat#: NRZP-1122-ZP62)
- Human GFAP ELISA Kit [Colorimetric] (Cat#: NPP2011ZP383)
- Human Tau Aggregation Kit (Cat#: NRP-0322-P2173)
- Alpha-Synuclein Aggregation Assay Kit (Cat#: NRZP-1122-ZP37)
- Alpha Synuclein Aggregation Kit (Cat#: NRZP-1122-ZP15)
- Dextran-FITC (Cat#: NTA-2011-ZP110)
- AAV2/2Retro-CAG-DIO-EGFP-2A-TetTox-pA [Neural Tracing] (Cat#: NTA-2012-ZP303)
- pAAV-hSyn-DIO-XCaMP-R-WPRE (Cat#: NTA-2012AD-P508)
- AAV2/9-hEF1a-fDIO-eNpHR 3.0-mCherry-WPRE-pA (Cat#: NTA-2012-ZP78)
- pAAV-syn-jGCaMP8m-WPRE (Cat#: NTA-2106-P062)
- rAAV-E-SARE-Cre-ERT2-PEST-WPRE-hGH polyA (Cat#: NTA-2010-TT342)
- Dextran, Cy5 Labeled, 2000 kDa (Cat#: NRZP-0722-ZP22)
- AAV2/9-hSyn-Flpo-EGFP-WPRE-pA (Cat#: NTA-2012-ZP149)
- pAAV-syn-jGCaMP8s-WPRE (Cat#: NTA-2106-P063)
- AAV-EF1a-mCherry-flex-dtA (Cat#: NRZP-0622-ZP616)
- Lenti of Mouse synuclein, alpha (Snca) transcript variant (NM_001042451) ORF clone, mGFP Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0864)
- App Rat amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein (App)(NM_019288) ORF clone, Untagged (Cat#: NEP-0421-R0053)
- Human huntingtin (HTT) (NM_002111) ORF clone, Myc-DDK Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0497)
- Human presenilin 1 (PSEN1), transcript variant 2 (NM_007318) ORF clone, TurboGFP Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0421-R0140)
- Human superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular (SOD3) (NM_003102) ORF clone, Untagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0808)
- Mouse SOD1 shRNA Silencing Adenovirus (Cat#: NV-2106-P14)
- Human huntingtin-associated protein 1 (HAP1) transcript variant 2 (NM_177977) ORF clone, Myc-DDK Tagged (Cat#: NEP-0521-R0676)
- Tau Antisense Oligonucleotide (IONIS-MAPTRx) (Cat#: NV-2106-P29)
- Mouse Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, early onset) 7 (Park7) (NM_020569) clone, Untagged (Cat#: NEP-0621-R0133)
- ABCA1 Antisense Oligonucleotide (NV-2106-P27) (Cat#: NV-2106-P27)
- NeuroBiologics™ Rat Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP496)
- NeuroBiologics™ Monkey Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP495)
- NeuroBiologics™ Human Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP491)
- NeuroBiologics™ Mouse Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP497)
- NeuroBiologics™ Pig Cerebrospinal Fluid (Cat#: NRZP-0822-ZP498)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-TNFR BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP501)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-EPO BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP508)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-IDS BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP503)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-idursulfase BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP497)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-IDUA BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP502)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-IDUA BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP498)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-SGSH BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP505)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-PON1 BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP507)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-NAGLU BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP506)
- NeuroPro™ Anti-Erythropoietin BBB Shuttle Protein (Cat#: NRZP-0423-ZP499)